Shotgun Microphone Roundup

Shotgun microphones are used to capture sounds such as dialog in film and video productions, for “spot” miking specific areas on sets, stages and installations, and for creating Foley and sound effects. These microphones feature a distinctive long and vented “interference tube,” which helps reject sound from the sides and rear and focus on the sounds directly in front of them. They are very sensitive and detailed sounding, and because of their sensitivity, suspended shock mounts are almost always used to attach them to boompoles, video cameras, stands, etc. Their increased sensitivity also makes them susceptible to wind noise, so additional wind protection is mandatory for outdoor use.
http://www.bhphotovideo.com/indepth/audio/hands-reviews/shotgun-microphone-roundup